Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurship
Most entrepreneurship in the world is what’s called necessity entrepreneurship. It's not mission-driven entrepreneurship. These are people who are entrepreneurs not because they have a big idea or because they're passionate about what they're doing. They're trying to survive. And there's no institutional way for them to do that. The notion of mission-driven entrepreneurship, I think, is something that is a force that is taking form in the developing world and in the emerging economies that has a couple of different facets to it. One is ... and I've had this discussion before around the notion of entrepreneurship being, really, a surrogate in many of these economies for a notion of empowerment and democracy. The idea that the political institutions are not democratic, but the commercial institutions might be, and that individuals see the chance of being empowered through entrepreneurship in a way that they can't be empowered by other institutions. That's a very important aspect of global entrepreneurship that needs to be considered when we think about how it gets translated from a place like Silicon Valley where it's about inventing to a place like Chile where it may be about how you create social change using commerce as your tools. That's one side of it. But directly, to Richard's question, which is how do you get your experience in environments where there is not a history of entrepreneurship, this is very difficult. A lot of times, when I'm traveling around and asked to speak about entrepreneurship, I'm asked to speak in the Silicon Valley of Taiwan, the Silicon Valley of India, the Silicon Valley.. So everybody has a Silicon Valley. And you walk into these places, and sure enough, it looks just like Silicon Valley. It has modern buildings, and it has lots and lots of bandwidth, and it has all these little pop-up cubes and PCs and everybody's desk. But something critical is missing. And that is a culture of entrepreneurship that Silicon Valle...
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